France records first human death from Shamonda virus, highlighting unknown transmission risks

The French health and agriculture ministries reported that an unidentified patient died in early October after contracting Shamonda virus, marking the first known human case of the disease. The patient had been receiving treatment for a serious illness and was immunocompromised, a condition that likely increased vulnerability to infection. The individual had been in a region where the virus circulates among cattle, sheep, goats, horses and alpacas, and where Culicoides midges—tiny biting flies—are common. No other human cases have been reported to date.

Shamonda virus is primarily found in livestock and is thought to be spread by the bites of Culicoides midges, although the World Health Organization says further studies are needed to confirm how the virus may move from animals to people. WHO Director‑General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus expressed condolences to the patient’s family and noted that the agency is working with French authorities to determine how the infection occurred, explore possible routes of transmission, and evaluate any broader public‑health risk. The investigation is ongoing.

French officials have indicated that, so far, no health risk to the general public has been identified. The World Organisation for Animal Health confirms that there are currently no commercially available vaccines for Shamonda virus. In light of the case, WHO and French agencies are coordinating to monitor the situation, gather data, and advise on any necessary measures. While the virus continues to circulate among animals, the authorities stress that human infection appears rare and currently limited to vulnerable individuals.